On Monday night (Jan. 30), the moon will eclipse Mars in what’s known as an occultation, during which the moon will pass in front of Mars from the perspective of Earth.
Unfortunately only a small swath of the planet will be able to see the occultation, but that does include the southern United States, from southern California all the way to northern Florida, and as far north as Oklahoma, according to skywatching site In-the-sky.org. (opens in new tab) Other viewing areas include Mexico, the Caribbean, Central American, and northwestern South America. A full list of viewing times by location for both the lunar occultation of Mars and the appulse of the moon and the Red Planet can be found on Space.com courtesy of veteran skywatcher Joe Rao.
For those who can’t see the event in person, the Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles is hosting a free online livestream of the lunar occultation of Mars courtesy of the observatory’s website (opens in new tab) or its YouTube channel (opens in new tab). The livestream begins on Monday (Jan. 30) at 11:00 p.m. EST (0400 GMT on Jan. 31) and will last for two hours.
Related: Don’t miss the moon eclipse Mars next week on Monday (Jan. 30)
For those who live outside the zone of visibility of the lunar occultation, you’ll still be able to witness the conjunction of the moon and Mars, as the two celestial bodies will share the same right ascension (celestial equivalent of latitude) in an arrangement known as a conjunction. They’ll also be making a close approach, known as an appulse.
From New York City, the moon and Mars will be just one-tenth of a degree apart, according to In-the-sky.org (opens in new tab). The duo will be visible from 12:10 p.m. EST (1710 GMT) until 3:23 a.m. EST (0823 GMT), and they’ll be able to fit within the field of view of a telescope. You’ll also be able to see the pair with binoculars and the naked eye.
As a 10-day-old moon in its waxing gibbous phase, its surface will be 74 percent illuminated from the perspective of Earth. It will be quite bright with a magnitude of -12.3, while Mars will be significantly less bright at magnitude -0.3.
Both the moon and Mars will be less bright than they were during their last occultation, which occurred in December 2022 during a full moon.
Related: What is the moon phase today? Lunar phases 2023
If you need to gear up for tonight’s occultation (or conjunction or appulse) of the moon and Mars, we’ve prepared guides to the best telescopes and best binoculars to help you out. And for astrophotographers — budding or experienced — we’ve also rated the best cameras for astrophotography and the best lenses for astrophotography and put together a guide on how to photograph the moon.
Editor’s Note:If you get a great photo of the close approach or conjunction between Mars and the moon and would like to share it with Space.com’s readers, send your photo(s), comments, and your name and location to [email protected].
Follow Stefanie Waldek on Twitter @StefanieWaldek (opens in new tab).Follow us @Spacedotcom (opens in new tab), or on Facebook (opens in new tab) and Instagram (opens in new tab).
A 1-kilometre-wide comet will make its closest pass to Earth early on Thursday morning, February 2, giving Australians a small chance of catching a glimpse of what’s being referred to as the “green comet”.
Here’s what you need to know.
What is the ‘green comet’?
The green comet, or Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), was discovered by astronomers using the wide-field survey camera at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California in early March 2022.
The comet was closest to the Sun on January 12 and it will be the closest to Earth – 41.8 million km — on February 2.
Back in December, NASA said that, while the brightness of comets is notoriously unpredictable, C/2022 E3 (ZTF) could become only just visible to the eye in dark night skies at its closest point to earth.
According to The Planetary Society, the comet has a solar orbit of roughly 50,000 years, which means it hasn’t been seen in the night sky since Neanderthal times.
How can I see the ‘green comet’ in Australia?
It will be visible from Australia from February 5.
But the best times to see it will be between February 9-11.
However, while NASA has said the comet might be slightly visible to the naked eye, amateur star searchers should not expect a bright-green light show.
“It won’t be green to the naked eye, maybe with a substantial telescope, but it will mostly be through astrophotography,” UQ astrophysicist Dr Ben Pope told ABC News.
“Nearly everything in astronomy is basically white to the naked eye except, like, red giant stars and Mars appears a little red, Jupiter is quite noticeably yellow.”
Thanks to light pollution, even seeing the comet with the naked eye could be a problem, unless you’re in a very dark part of the country.
“Basically, they’re very faint, you get a lot of people who go outside and wait and wait, and say, ‘I didn’t see anything’, but that’s because you’re in the inner suburbs, even outer suburbs it’ll be hard,” Dr Pope said.
“It’s very hard to see unless you’re in a very dark space.”
Where C/2022 E3 (ZTF) will shine, is through astrophotography. Some US experts have already been able to capture its brilliant, green glow as it passed by the Northern Hemisphere earlier this month.
So keep your eyes peeled for some beautiful pictures in the days after the comet’s passing.
Why is the comet green?
Comets are made of a mixture of rocky materials, similar to what’s in the Earth’s mantle: dust and ices, not just water-ice but also components such as dry ice, methane, ammonia and carbon monoxide.
According to a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the green glow from some comets comes from the breakdown of a reactive molecule called dicarbon (C2).
To prove their theory, researchers isolated the C2 molecule and blasted it with high-intensity light. What they found was that two light photons push the C2 molecule into an energy-rich, unstable configuration.
From there, the molecule decays and radiates a green light photon — just like what we see with some comets.
EDITOR’S NOTES:
January 30, 2023: Originally, this story said the comet would make its closest pass to Earth on Monday night, January 30. This has been amended to February 2 at 4:54am AEDT.
January 30, 2023: Originally, this story said the comet would be visible in Australia from February 1 to 2. This has been amended to February 5. A line adding that the best time to see it will be February 9 to 11 has also been added.
Hoy vamos a hablar sobre uno de los objetos celestes más apasionantes y maravillosos de nuestro sistema solar: los cometas.
¿Qué es un cometa? Un cometa es un cuerpo celeste, de un tamaño entre uno y varios kilómetros, compuesto principalmente de hielo, roca y polvo que orbita alrededor del Sol siguiendo habitualmente una órbita elíptica de gran excentricidad.
A diferencia de los asteroides los cometas desarrollan una pequeña atmósfera o coma que rodea su núcleo sólido. Algunos cometas extintos, que han perdido su atmósfera, pueden llegar a ser confundidos con asteroides aunque su naturaleza y origen es diferente.
En su órbita los cometas se encuentran la mayoría del tiempo en el sistema solar exterior pero a medida que el cometa se acerca al Sol el hielo se sublima (pasa de estado sólido a gaseoso sin pasar por estado líquido) y deja una cola de polvo que se extiende en dirección opuesta al Sol. También se suele producir una segunda cola de gas a medida que el viento solar alcanza la coma que rodea el núcleo del cometa e ioniza las partículas de ésta. Esa es la razón por la que los cometas son conocidos por sus colas impresionantes.
¿De dónde vienen los cometas?
Los cometas que hemos descubierto llegan principalmente desde dos regiones del Sistema Solar. Los cometas de largo periodo proceden habitualmente de la nube de Oort, que está entre 50.000 y 100.000 unidades astronómicas del Sol mientras que los cometas de corto periodo suelen proceder del cinturón de Kuiper, que está un poco más allá de la órbita de Neptuno. No obstante, al adentrarse en la zona interior del sistema solar la órbita de los cometas puede verse modificada por la gravedad de los grandes planetas como Júpiter o Saturno.
¿Cómo se pone nombre a los cometas?
Seguramente te habrá llamado la atención que los cometas tienen unos nombres bastante peculiares compuestos por letras y números. Todo tiene su explicación y este tipo de nomenclatura nos da algo de información del cometa.
En primer lugar se indica el tipo de cometa con una letra. Los cometas periódicos son los que se ha observado su paso por el perihelio (punto de la órbita más cercano al Sol) al menos dos veces o bien tienen un periodo orbital de menos de 200 años. El nombre de estos cometas empieza siempre por P mientras que los no periódicos empiezan por C. Si un cometa se cree destruido o extinto comenzará por D mientras que los que empiezan por X son los que todavía no se conoce su naturaleza. Recientemente se ha añadido la letra I para identificar a los cometas de naturaleza interestelar.
Después de la letra se indica el año de descubrimiento y tras éste encontraremos una letra y un dígito. La letra indica la quincena del año en que fue descubierto. Así un cometa que empiece por A habrá sido descubierto en la primera quincena, B en la segunda y así sucesivamente. El número indica el orden de descubrimiento en esa quincena.
Así, por ejemplo el cometa C/2022 E3 es un cometa no periódico, descubierto en la primera quincena de marzo de 2022 y fue el tercer cometa descubierto esa quincena.
Tras esta nomenclatura ya se bautiza el cometa con el nombre del descubridor o del observatorio o survey desde el que fue descubierto. El C/2022 E3 fue descubierto por el survey ZTF y por eso se añaden estas siglas al nombre.
¿Cómo ver un cometa?
Aunque los cometas son difíciles de predecir con precisión, hay algunos que son visibles a simple vista desde la Tierra cada cierto tiempo. Si tienes suerte, puedes ver uno con tus propios ojos.
Para encontrar un cometa te puedes ayudar de un programa o planetario digital como Stellarium o Cartes du Ciel para PC o aplicaciones como SkySafari para Android que tienen una opción para mostrar cometas. También puedes consultar la página heavens-above en la sección de cometas visibles.
Para observar un cometa, lo mejor es usar prismáticos o un telescopio pequeño si éste es muy brillante. Con prismáticos, podrás apreciar una pequeña bolita difusa de color grisáceo, parecido a un cúmulo globular. Con un telescopio podrás ver detalles más sutiles como la diferencia entre el núcleo y la coma o estructuras en la cola.
La mayoría de los cometas no son muy brillantes porque no pasan muy cerca de la Tierra y entonces solo los apreciamos como pequeñas nebulosas a través del telescopio. De hecho el catálogo Messier se creó para no confundir estos objetos de cielo profundo con cometas.
Es importante tener en cuenta que los cometas son objetos celestes muy débiles, por lo que es mejor observarlos en un lugar oscuro lejos de la luz de la ciudad. También es importante esperar a que el cielo esté despejado, sin Luna y tener paciencia, ya que puede tomar un tiempo encontrarlo. ¡Los cometas no se ven brillantes y fugaces en el cielo ni presentan movimientos rápidos! Si has visto algo así seguramente se trate de un meteoro o estrella fugaz, no de un cometa.
Los cometas son una maravillosa oportunidad para explorar el universo y ver algo increíblemente especial con nuestros propios ojos. Con un poco de paciencia y un equipo adecuado, cualquier aficionado puede tener la oportunidad de ver un cometa y experimentar la emoción de observar algo nuevo y emocionante en el cielo nocturno.
A 1-kilometre-wide comet will make its closest pass to Earth on Monday night, January 30, giving Australians a small chance of catching a glimpse of what’s being referred to as the “green comet”.
Here’s what you need to know.
What is the ‘green comet’?
The green comet, or Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), was discovered by astronomers using the wide-field survey camera at the Zwicky Transient Facility in California in early March 2022.
The comet was closest to the Sun on January 12 and it will be the closest to Earth – 41.8 million km — on February 2.
Back in December, NASA said that, while the brightness of comets is notoriously unpredictable, C/2022 E3 (ZTF) could become only just visible to the eye in dark night skies at its closest point to earth.
According to The Planetary Society, the comet has a solar orbit of roughly 50,000 years, which means it hasn’t been seen in the night sky since Neanderthal times.
How can I see the ‘green comet’ in Australia?
You’ll have your best chance at night between February 1 and 2.
However, while NASA has said the comet might be slightly visible to the naked eye, amateur star searchers should not expect a bright-green light show.
“It won’t be green to the naked eye, maybe with a substantial telescope, but it will mostly be through astrophotography,” UQ astrophysicist Dr Ben Pope told ABC News.
“Nearly everything in astronomy is basically white to the naked eye except, like, red giant stars and Mars appears a little red, Jupiter is quite noticeably yellow.”
Thanks to light pollution, even seeing the comet with the naked eye could be a problem, unless you’re in a very dark part of the country.
“Basically, they’re very faint, you get a lot of people who go outside and wait and wait, and say, ‘I didn’t see anything’, but that’s because you’re in the inner suburbs, even outer suburbs it’ll be hard,” Dr Pope said.
“It’s very hard to see unless you’re in a very dark space.”
Where C/2022 E3 (ZTF) will shine is through astrophotography. Some US experts have already been able to capture its brilliant, green glow as it passed by the Northern Hemisphere earlier this month.
So keep your eyes peeled for some beautiful pictures in the days after the comet’s passing.
Why is the comet green?
Comets are made of a mixture of rocky materials, similar to what’s in the Earth’s mantle: dust and ices, not just water-ice but also components such as dry ice, methane, ammonia and carbon monoxide.
According to a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the green glow from some comets comes from the breakdown of a reactive molecule called dicarbon (C2).
To prove their theory, researchers isolated the C2 molecule and blasted it with high-intensity light. What they found was that two light photons push the C2 molecule into an energy-rich, unstable configuration.
From there, the molecule decays and radiates a green light photon — just like what we see with some comets.
Holiday decorations may have come down already on Earth, but a nebula located 7,000 light-years away is keeping the festive spirit alive.
The Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of a small region of Westerhout 5, also known as the Soul Nebula, glowing red. The suffusion of red light is caused by H-alpha emission, which happens when very energetic electrons within hydrogen atoms lose energy, causing the release of this distinctive red light, Hubble representatives wrote in a description of the image.
This red light also reveals a range of fascinating features, such as a so-called free-floating evaporating gaseous globule (frEGG). Seen as a dark, tadpole-shaped region in the upper center left of the image, this frEGG is officially named KAG2008 globule 13 and J025838.6+604259.
Related: The best Hubble Space Telescope images of all time!
This and other frEGGs belong to a special class of evaporating gaseous globules (EGGs), which occur in nebulas when energetic radiation from young, hot stars ionizes surrounding gas by stripping away electrons. This causes the gas to disperse away from those bright stars in a process called photoevaporation, which may help to halt star formation in nebulas.
In EGGs, the gas is so dense that this photoevaporation process happens much more slowly than it does in surrounding regions of gas. This slower photoevaporation and the protection of gas from dispersal allow gas to remain dense enough to collapse and form protostars, which eventually go on to become full-fledged stars. This means astronomers are interested in frEGGs and EGGs because they are the areas of nebulas where star birth may have once taken place.
Astronomers discovered the existence of EGGs only recently. A prominent example of these structures is located at the tips of the Pillars of Creation in a 1995 Hubble image of the nebula. frEGGs are an even newer find; they are distinct from EGGs because they are detached from surrounding gas, giving them a distinct tadpole-like shape.
The Soul Nebula is the partner of another nebula that will have its image widely shared as Valentine’s Day approaches: the Heart Nebula. Officially known as IC 1805, the massive cloud of gas and dust is so named because the glowing hydrogen content makes it resemble a pink heart. At 7,500 light-years away, the Heart Nebula can be snapped by amateur astrophotographers, making it one of the most commonly shared space images around Feb. 14.
The “Heart and Soul” nebula complex forms a vast star-forming region that spans 300 light-years, with the two nebulas joined by a bridge of gas. Both nebulas are packed with bright stars that are just a few million years old, veritable infants compared with our nearly 5 billion-year-old sun.
What’s in the night sky of the week of 30 January to 5 February 2023 in our weekly stargazing guide.
Chris Bramley Hello and welcome to Star Diary, the podcast from the makers of BBC Sky at Night Magazine. You can subscribe to the print edition of the magazine by visiting skyatnightmagazing.com or to our digital edition by visiting on iTunes or Google Play.
Ezzy Pearson Greetings listeners and welcome to Star Diary, a weekly guide to the best things to see in the Northern Hemisphere’s night sky. As we are based here in the UK, all times are in GMT. In this episode will be covering the coming week from the 30th January to 5 February. I am Ezzy Pearson, the magazine’s features editor, and unfortunately this week Paul Money, our reviews editor who normally joins me on the podcast, can’t be with us this week, but I’m here to run you through all of the best things to see in the night sky this week. So hopefully you shouldn’t miss out on anything. So this month we’re going to start off on the 30th of January, right in the morning. Throughout the night, the Moon is going to be about five degrees away from the Pleiades. The Moon is going to be a waxing gibbous Moon, so it’s going to be about 64% lit. And the Pleiades is always a beautiful thing to see. And the two together do make for a really brilliant sight in the night sky. Five degrees is nice enough to get them both in a good shot, if you’re looking for some astrophotography inspiration. The moon’s going to be setting about 3:00 in the morning, so you’ll probably be able to get it throughout the night before that. That is the latest time that you’re really going to be able to see it.
But if you’re up and about in the early mornings of the 30 January, you might also want to keep an eye out for Mercury, which is going to be reaching its greatest Western elongation from the Sun in the morning. So that means the point at which it has its largest angular separation from the Sun, about 25 degrees on the sky. And what that means is it’s away from the Sun. So it should hopefully be up for a little bit longer, should be very distinct and clear to see. But you obviously want to be careful. You want to make sure that you’re only observing it long before the Sun is going to rise. Always make sure if you are observing the inner planets, Mercury or Venus, that you make a note of the time that sun sets or particularly sun rises. If you’re watching it early in the morning and give yourselves a good 20 minutes leeway to make sure you don’t accidentally end up looking at the Sun and hurting your eyes. We don’t want anybody to get hurt whilst looking at these beautiful planets. But I did say it’s going to be at greatest Western elongation and this is basically the point at which mercury appears furthest away from the sun in the night sky. Some people think that maybe this is happening at the time when Mercury and the Sun sort of form a right angle triangle, but it’s not actually the case when Mercury’s a bit further round. So if you imagine the the Sun is the centre of a clock, Earth is going to be about 6 o’clock and then Mercury’s about 4 o’clock. That’s where we’re going to be in our orbits. And that’s when you see this greatest Western elongation on the night sky. And then it happens again in a couple of months time on the other side, which is the greatest Eastern elongation. And that’s what happens in the evening sky. So lots of things to see in the morning of 30 January for all of our early birds.
Then going forward on to the next night on the 31 January, we’ve got bright Mars is going to be up in the night sky. It’s going to be magnitude about -0.3. So that’s going to be one of the brighter things in the night sky. You definitely not going to miss it and it’s going to be up about one degree from the Moon again at about 4:15 in the morning. So another early one for you. But if you want to see Mars next to the bright moon on 31 January is the date for you. Skipping forward a couple of days we go to 5 February and this is when we’re going to have a full Moon. And this full Moon’s actually going to be a little bit special. It’s going to be what’s called a micromoon. So some of you might be familiar with the term supermoon. This is the opposite of that. So supermoons happen because the moon’s orbit around Earth isn’t perfectly circular. It’s slightly elliptical, slightly egg shaped. And what that means is that sometimes when the Moon’s full, when the sun and moon are all in a line to make it full, it’s slightly closer in its orbit. And that’s when we see it as a supermoon. And it bears slightly bigger and brighter in the night sky. But a micromoon is the opposite of that. It’s when it’s slightly further away in its orbit and that means it’s slightly dimmer and smaller in the night sky. But just because it’s smaller doesn’t mean it’s not any less beautiful to look at. You really wouldn’t be able to notice the difference unless you’re sitting there and taking pictures and comparing them. And in fact, if you are one of those people who likes to get out and take pictures every supermoon, why not get one this micromoon. Compare the size and see how much of a difference it does actually make. But there’s lots of things that you can do on a night when there’s a Full Moon. It’s always beautiful to watch it rise up over the horizon. That one probably requires a bit of planning. You need to make sure that you know when the Moon is going to rise exactly in your location because it does change depending on where you are in the UK, sometimes by as much as about half an hour. So make sure that you’ve got that down. And try to find a nice horizon. Maybe one filled with some winter trees there, some absolutely brilliant photographs out there. So again, if you want to try some astrophotography it’s great, but it’s also a really great thing to just just go out and see. If you’ve got some kids with you that you want to take out. It’s a nice thing that anybody can sort of get to grips with is watching the Moon rise.
If you’re looking for something a bit more challenging, you might want to try and see if you can see the ray ejecta. So this is going to require a telescope to be able to see. But the Moon is covered in craters, and because the Moon doesn’t have any atmosphere and it doesn’t have… it has quite low gravity, it means that when a meteor slams into it and kicks up this cloud of dust and debris, that dust and debris can really travel. It can go hundreds and hundreds of kilometres and create absolutely massive tracks across the surface. And we can still see some of those today. There’s particularly good ray ejecta systems around the creators of Copernicus and Tycho. So try and see if you can see those on the surface of the Moon. It’s another great opportunity for that. And also we’ve talked a bit about astrophotography here today. The moon is not best loved by most deep sky astronomers and astrophotographers because it’s bright and it tends to wash out the dimmer lights of these beautiful things. It also it’s up all night, which most of the time there’s at least a couple of hours somewhere where the moon won’t have risen or is set already. But on a full moon, it’s up all night. But with it being the micro moon, if you are going to try and challenge yourself to get some astrophotography done, now is the perfect chance. And we actually have a whole guide about how to do astrophotography whilst there’s a Full Moon up in the sky over on our website www.skyatnightmagazine.com, which… take a look there. Maybe you can find something if you fancy giving yourself a little bit of an unusual challenge.
And also if you are out on the 5th of February, you might want to take a look out for Mars and to Alpha Tauri otherwise known as Aldebaran, which are going to be in conjunction on that night. And what that means is that they are going to have the same right ascension. Normally when we talk about conjunctions, they tend to be pretty close when they’ve also got the same right ascension. But this time they are actually going to be quite far apart. They’re going to be 8.2 degrees apart, but still close enough that it is still a conjunction. It is still worth a look at.
Now, while all of this is going on. There will be another visitor to our night skies, a visitor that many of you have probably been tracking over the last couple of weeks. And that is Comet C/2022 E3 ZTF, better known as Comet E3, and it’s actually going to be reaching probably its brightest this week. At least that’s when it’s estimated to and it’s going to start off about +4.8 at the start of the week, which means it could be naked eye visible around about then. Whether it will it will need a very dark sky siteand some pretty good eyesight and a bit of luck. And also comets are notoriously unreliable and unpredictable. So it could be that it could be much brighter. It could end up being much weaker. So we’ll just have to see how it is at the time. But on the 1 February, it’s going to be entering into the constellation of – and I always have to be careful about pronouncing this one – Camelopardalis, which means the giraffe, literally, it means the camel leopard, which that’s the Latin word for giraffe, in case you didn’t know. And Camelopardalis is not a particularly well known constellation because it’s not a very bright constellation. It’s not one of the easiest ones to find, particularly under slightly light polluted skies, which most of us now have to deal with. But this might be a chance to take a look at this unloved constellation out there in the night sky. And at midnight on the 1st of February, the comet is going to be about two degrees south of the top star of the giraffe’s head, which is HIP 33694. Snappy title, as these stars always have. And that star is actually going to be a magnitude +4.6 mag. So it’s going to be a fairly dim star. It’s about the same brightness as the comet itself. So I think those two will be quite interesting to sort of compare and contrast between what a bright comet looks like and what a star looks like when they’re about the same brightness. So perhaps that’s a good one to take a look at on the 1 February. Then moving forward onto the next night, on 2 February, the comet is going to be moving about five degrees southeast of Collider 464 which is a magnitude plus 4.2 open cluster again in Camelopardalis. So about the same brightness as the comet itself so nice one to compare to. But that one rather than a point source. So that’s what we call stars that point sources because they look like a point of light on the night sky, whereas things like comets and nebulae in this case and open cluster, they’re a bit more diffuse, there’s a bit more, more things happening in it. So interesting time to compare and contrast. And finally, on the night of t 5 to 6 February, the comet is going to start passing into Auriga the charioteer, so the next constellation over. And it’s also going to start fading away as it travels away from the sun and away from Earth and it begins to dim in our night skies. But on the night of 5 to 6 February, it’ll be positioned about one degree to the northwest of Capella or Alpha Auriga. So that’ll be another one as it’s starting to fade away… Just because it’s not at its best anymore, that doesn’t mean you don’t want to keep an eye on it. As I said, we never know what’s going to happen with comets. They’re very unpredictable, so it’s always worthwhile trying to keep track of it as it’s fading away from view.
So that’s it from us this week. I hope you enjoyed the podcast and managed to find some things to look at in the night sky this month. If you want to be here again next week, make sure you subscribe so you don’t miss any more episodes. And if you really like the show, why not leave us a review? It really does help us to reach more people so that they can enjoy the wonders of the night sky.
But to give a quick summary of what’s going on in the night sky this week, on 30 January in the morning, we have the moon next to the Pleiades, as well as Mercury reaching its point of greatest Western elongation. Then on 31 January, we have bright Mars and the Moon. On 1 February, Comet E3 is going to enter Camelopardalis travelling through the dim constellation on about 5 to 6th is when it’s going to journey into Auriga and begin its slow fade away as it moves away from us. And finally, also on 5 February we are going to have the Full Moon, which is also going to be a micro moon as well as Mars and Aldebaran in conjunction. So lots to see in the night sky and I hope you manage to get out there and see some excellent observations. If you want to find out even more spectacular sites that will be gracing the night sky throughout the month, be sure to pick up a copy of BBC Sky at Night magazine, where we have a 16 page pull out sky guide with a full overview of everything worth looking out for. Whether you like to look at the moon, the planets, or the deep sky, whether you use binoculars, telescopes on either our sky guide has got you covered with the detailed star charts to help you track your way across the night sky. From all of us here at BBC Sky and Night Magazine. Goodbye.
Chris Bramley Thank you for listening to this episode of the Star Diary podcast from the makers of BBC Sky at Night magazine. For more of our podcasts, visit our website at www.skyatnightmagazine.com or head to aCast, iTunes or Spotify.
With it’s ultra-wide 114-degree field of view on full-frame cameras, the Sony FE 14mm F1.8 G Master is designed to let you see the bigger picture. It’s eminently suitable for capturing sweeping vistas in landscape photography, cityscapes, architectural interiors and more besides. The fast aperture rating also makes it ideal for astrophotography and the lens is engineered to suit both stills and video capture. A notable competitor is the Sigma 14mm F1.8 DG HSM Art lens, which costs about the same price. However, the Sony is more compact and much lighter in weight, at 460g compared with the Sigma’s 1,170g, as well as boasting additional handling exotica.
Specifications
Mount: Sony E (FE) Sony product number: SEL14F18GM Full-frame: Yes Autofocus: Yes Stabilization: No Lens construction: 14 elements in 11 groups Angle of view: 114 degrees Diaphragm blades: 9 Minimum aperture: f/16 Minimum focusing distance: 0.25m Maximum magnification ratio: 0.1x Filter attachment: Rear gel slot Dimensions: 83x100mm Weight: 460g
Key features
Top of the features list is the expansive viewing angle. Not just for shoehorning more of a scene into the image frame, it also enables creative expression, as you can get in close to subjects and exaggerate the perspective between foreground and background elements. The f/1.8 aperture makes it a fast lens, and it’s also super-speedy in terms of autofocus, utilizing dual XD (eXtreme Dynamic) linear stepping motors. Typical of the breed, the autofocus system is also virtually silent in operation, as well as enabling smooth transitions during video capture.
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Despite its lightweight build, the lens packs 14 optical elements. Specialist glass includes two ED (Extra-low Dispersion) elements, one Super ED element and two high-precision XA (eXtreme Aspherical) elements, plus a regular aspherical element. The mix intends to maximize sharpness, contrast and clarity while keeping aberrations to a minimum. Nano AR Coating II is also applied to minimize ghosting and flare.
Typical of ultra-wide-angle lenses, the petal shaped hood is an integral part of the barrel and can’t be removed. This helps to give physical protection to the bulbous front element, with the usual downside that there’s no front filter attachment thread. This can be a drawback for landscape photography, where you might want to use ND Grad or high-density neutral filters. We wouldn’t advise using circular polarizing filters with such a wide-angle lens anyway, as the polarizing effect will vary across the image frame.
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Build and handling
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Handling is sublime. The electronically-coupled manual focus ring has a smooth and precise action with a linear response that’s well suited to both stills and video shooting. A further bonus for the latter is that the manual aperture ring can be de-clicked via a switch located on the right hand side of the barrel. For stills, one-third f/stop click steps are available. On the left of the barrel, there’s an AF-MF focus mode switch and a function button which is nominally for AF Hold, although its action can be customized via in-camera menus.
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Performance
The most spectacular thing about this lens is its performance. As well as being very rapid, the autofocus system proved unerringly accurate throughout our testing. Levels of sharpness are superb, right out to the extreme corners of the frame, even when shooting wide-open at f/1.8. There’s also remarkably little coma and astigmatism. That’s great news for astrophotography and shooting nighttime cityscapes, as it ensures that stars and pinprick lights don’t take on irregular shapes towards the edges and corners of the frame, especially when shooting at the widest aperture.
Clarity and contrast are excellent, and there’s highly effective control over ghosting and flare, which is impressive given the ultra-wide viewing angle of the lens. It might sound odd to comment on the bokeh of such a wide-angle lens, given that the depth of field tends to be enormous. However, when shooting close-ups at wide apertures, you can effectively defocus the background and the quality of bokeh is very smooth.
Sample images
Lab results
We run a range of lab tests under controlled conditions, using the Imatest Master testing suite. Photos of test charts are taken across the range of apertures and zooms (where available), then analyzed for sharpness, distortion and chromatic aberrations.
We use Imatest SFR (spatial frequency response) charts and analysis software to plot lens resolution at the center of the image frame, corners and mid-point distances, across the range of aperture settings and, with zoom lenses, at four different focal lengths. The tests also measure distortion and color fringing (chromatic aberration).
Sharpness:
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Lab-tests never tell the whole story for ultra-wide-angle lenses, the large viewing angle demanding that test charts need to be shot from extremely close distances. Even so, sharpness scores are superb at the center of the image frame and, in real-world shooting, the edges and corners are similarly impressive.
Fringing:
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There’s virtually no color fringing across almost the whole image frame and it’s very minimal right out at the extreme edges and corners, even when uncorrected in-camera or during raw processing.
Distortion: -2.18
As with sharpness, the close proximity demanded for shooting test charts with ultra-wide-angle lenses tends to give unflattering lab results for distortion. Either way, the Sony scores very well for keeping barrel distortion to a minimum, and it’s hard to spot in regular, real-world shooting, even with in-camera correction disabled.
Verdict
This Sony gem is surprisingly compact and lightweight for an ultra-wide-angle, full-frame compatible lens with such a fast aperture rating. Even so, there are no compromises in terms of build quality, refined handling characteristics and all-round performance. Image quality is simply stellar. Indeed, the lens takes sweeping landscapes in its stride, it’s epic for cityscapes and it scintillates when the stars come out at night. It’s undeniably pricey but worth every cent.
Read more:
• Best camera lenses (opens in new tab) to get • Best Canon lenses (opens in new tab) • Best Nikon lenses (opens in new tab) • Best Sony lenses (opens in new tab)
Well, it seems like this is the time for incremental upgrades on phones, and after Apple, it is now Samsung’s turn to unveil its new flagship phone that looks suspiciously similar to the company’s previous offering.
Still, although incremental, some of the upgrades and improvements coming to the Galaxy S23 Ultra will likely be nice to have and therefore appreciated. However, there’s a “but”, which is there because (I don’t know about you), but I’m not willing to pay $1,200 for a phone that’s likely to turn out being 80-90% similar to what we already know and love about the Galaxy S22 Ultra…
According to Samsung’s teaser, one of the Galaxy S23 Ultra’s selling points is going to be the phone’s ability to take better photos of the moon and stars – you know, because that’s what the average person wants to do. Right… average person?
Despite the fact the Galaxy S23 Ultra is shaping up as one of the most comprehensive, feature-rich and capable smartphones of 2023, that doesn’t mean it will exist in a vacuum, which is the key point I’ll be making here.
And while I’m not going to bring up the Pixel and iPhone into this argument, I do think you might want to consider buying Samsung’s current (soon to be “old”) top-of-the-line flagship phone – the Galaxy S22 Ultra! Why? Because it’s an amazing phone! Especiallybecause you’ll probably get it at half the price of the upcoming Galaxy S23 Ultra once the latter is released (or even right now…)
Let’s get into a bit more detail…
Galaxy S22 Ultra instead of Galaxy S23 Ultra? Long software support makes getting last-year’s Galaxy flagship phone over the new one a great idea
While I wouldn’t usually advise anyone to buy an older phone when the new model is released, this year might be slightly different, as the Galaxy S22 Ultra already ticks every box and looks basically the same as the S23 Ultra!
But more importantly, the Galaxy S22 Ultra promises a total of fouryears of Android upgrades, which means even if you pick it up now (running Android 13), you’re guaranteed to receive a total of three new Android versions (up to Android 16), as well as four years of security support! iPhone aside, that’s the longest software support you can get when buying an “old” phone. Hats off, Samsung!
Older flagship phones seem to shine brighter than ever in the beginning of 2023! I also wouldn’t advise anyone to buy an iPhone 14 over the iPhone 13, while Pixel 6 owners don’t need to upgrade to Pixel 7 – although if you don’t have a Pixel 6, then the Pixel 7 is the way to go.
If you do want to pick up the new Galaxy S23 Ultra, you can pre-order it now! Here’s a quick list of improvements the S23 Ultra is expected to bring over its predecessors (based on leaks):
First and foremost – the S23 Ultra will ship with the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 chip in all regions of the world now, meaning the days of Exynos injustice are over – not something to overlook if you have a Galaxy running on Exynos…
New 200MP primary camera, and upgraded ultra-wide-angle and selfie sensor; the star of the S23 Ultra show is expected to be that 200MP sensor, which is said to preserve more detail (duh!), but also improve low-light photography and videography (looking forward to those camera comparisons!)
256GB storage for the cheapest variant of the S23 Ultra model (makes you wonder why the Galaxy S22 Ultra started at 128GB in the first place); bizarrely, the S23 Ultra is getting 8GB of RAM for the base variant, which isn’t a great look – cheaper phones like the Pixel 7 Pro and OnePlus 11 start at 12GB RAM, which is never a bad idea when it comes to Android
Surprisingly (or not), that’s where (at least according to the leaked information), the more meaningful upgrades with the Galaxy S23 Ultra seem to end…
Of course, the greatest reason to go with the Galaxy S23 Ultra over a Galaxy S22 Ultra is if you live in a place where you absolutely can’t get your hands on a Galaxy S22 Ultra powered by the Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 chip. Also, if your carrier comes in with that amazing offer, I’m not going to blame you for choosing the newer phone…
For everyone else, a discounted, refurbished, or even used Galaxy S22 Ultra might be the best $650 investment you’ve made in years…
The Galaxy S22 Ultra will have one of the very best displays even in 2023 – super-bright, colorful, and high-refresh-rate; leaks say the new Ultra should be able to reach the same brightness as the old one
Considering you aren’t buying a Galaxy S22 Ultra with the Exynos 2200 chip, the Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 version of the phone will be more than powerful enough to serve you well for years to come; again, don’t forget the extended software support that gets you three new versions of Android and four years of security patches
The Galaxy S22 Ultra might very well be the second-best camera phone of 2023 when it comes to versatility; the zoom ceiling of Samsung’s 2022 flagship is still unmatched by any other Android phone/iPhone and it generally takes excellent photos and videos in all lighting conditions
While not being the absolute best, the Galaxy S22 Ultra still boasts great battery life and charges reasonably fast; the new Galaxy S23 Ultra isn’t expected to bring a bigger battery or faster charging
According to a recent price leak, the Galaxy S23 Ultra is expected to start at a mind-spinning €1,400 in Europe, giving European buyers an even better reason to look elsewhere. Although I’ve been critical when it comes to the Galaxy S22 Ultra before, a price tag of $650-700 gives this phone a whole different level of appeal!
Galaxy S23 Ultra isn’t the phone for those with Galaxy S22 and Galaxy S21 flagships – it’s meant for people with other phones
You can find a Galaxy S22 Ultra in good-excellent condition for about half the price of the new Galaxy S23 Ultra. Similar offers are available on Amazon UK and in many European countries, where the new Galaxy S23 Ultra will be far more expensive (€1,400).
In the end, why are companies like Apple and Samsung giving us 80-90% similar phones compared to their predecessors, presenting them as “new”? To me, the answer’s always been “strategic planning”.
Don’t forget – we’re talking about multi-million businesses here, which have one major goal – to sell more phones (act surprised!). Therefore, setting the pace of hardware upgrades and innovating to “just the right level” is pivotal for the success of Samsung as a company (an exception to the rule might be Sony, which seems to make phones for fun).
Potentially influenced by Cupertino, Samsung seems to have realized that throwing in everything you got isn’t the most sustainable business model, and now takes a more relaxed approach to upgrades. Although, the relative lack of Android competition on the global scene certainly helps Samsung too! I miss you, Huawei.
If your current phone works just fine, you might want to skip the Galaxy S22 Ultra, S23 Ultra; Samsung’s Galaxy S24 series are expected to shake things up (a little bit harder).
But hey, just like the iPhone 14 is an upgrade aimed at those with old old iPhones, the Galaxy S23 series seems like a the choice for people with Galaxy S20 flagships, or older.
In fact, you might be one of those people with a Galaxy S21, Galaxy S22 or another recent phone that’s not necessarily made by Samsung. In that case, assuming you haven’t just won the lottery (in which case, congratulations; let’s be friends!), I’d wholeheartedly suggest you put your hard-earned money away, for now…
Rumor and logic have it that the Galaxy S24 series of phones will bring fresh new designs, and even some hardware upgrades that could turn out to be more appealing than what the S23 phones will give you now. It’s expected that Samsung will upgrade the Galaxy S24 Ultra with a brand new zooming system, farther-reaching and more advanced than the one in the S22 and S23 Ultra…
But, but, but!Do wait for our Galaxy S23 Ultra review, which will give you a better perspective on whether Samsung’s 2023 premium flagship is worth your attention. Perhaps I’m underestimating the new 200MP camera, which will blow everyone away, while the Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 processor will fly like… a dragon!
Once the puns get to that level – that’s when I know to wrap things up… So, that’s a wrap!
On Saturday, Jan. 28, skywatchers will be able to see the year’s first first quarter moon, when the moon appears to be half-lit from the perspective of Earth.
Across the United States, the moon will rise in the late morning and be visible until it sets around midnight some 13 or 14 hours later, depending on your specific location. In New York City, the moon will rise at 10:53 a.m. EST (1553 GMT) and set at 12:40 a.m. EST (0540 GMT) on Jan. 29, according to skywatching site In-the-sky.org (opens in new tab).
Though you may be able to see the moon during sunlight hours, the best time to take a look is after the sun sets. Sunset in New York City occurs at 5:07 p.m. EST (1007 GMT). At that point, the moon will be 62 degrees high in the southeast sky. (Remember: Your fist held out at arm’s length equals roughly 10 degrees in the sky.)
Related: What is the moon phase today? Lunar phases 2023
The first quarter phase is one of four in the moon’s cycle as it orbits Earth, which lasts 29.5 days. This month, we have already experienced the three other phases: A full moon on Jan. 6, a last quarter moon on Jan. 14, and a new moon on Jan. 21, which marked the Lunar New Year commonly celebrated around the world.
Next up for lunar observers will be the full Snow Moon on Feb. 5, but before then, you’ll have a chance to see a comet. Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF) is now visible in the night sky, and it will reach perigee, or its closest point to Earth during its orbit, on Feb. 1.
If you’re interested in taking photographs of the moon during its first quarter, check out our helpful how to photograph the moon guide for the best lunar photography tips and tricks. We also have guides to the best cameras for astrophotography and best lenses for astrophotography if you need to gear up for this or other celestial events, including the close approach of comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF).
Editor’s Note:If you snap the moon during its first quarter phase and would like to share it with Space.com’s readers, send your photo(s), comments, and your name and location to [email protected].
Follow Stefanie Waldek on Twitter @StefanieWaldek (opens in new tab).Follow us @Spacedotcom (opens in new tab), or on Facebook (opens in new tab) and Instagram (opens in new tab).
Josh “‘Tinian Astro Dad” Brazzle is a Marianas-based astrophotographer, a photographer who specializes in images of the night sky and deep space.
He’s recently been capturing images of a rare green comet that last swung past Earth 50,000 years ago. Experts predict its closest pass will be on Wednesday or Thursday.
The Pacific Daily News will be talking with Astro Dad live on our Facebook page, barring any technical difficulties, at about 2 p.m. Saturday ChST.
You can watch the interview live at facebook.com/GuamPDN.
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Tinian ‘Astro Dad’ captures the magic of the night sky