iphone Photography Award winners, in photos

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Organizers announced the winners of the 2023 iPhone Photography Awards on Monday.

From Mexico to Sweden, from the macro to the micro, these images show us the scenes, senses and emotions of our world this past year, as seen by iPhone and iPad users.

Scroll down to see a selection of winners from this year’s competition.

The 16th edition of the annual contest is not only a testament to the skill of the photographers but showcases just how far the camera phone has come since the iPhone first came onto the market in 2007.

Winners were chosen from thousands of entries across 14 categories, including travel, lifestyle, architecture, nature and animals.

People are also reading…

This year’s Grand Prize went to Ivan Silva from Mexico. His image, “Heroe” (pictured top), of a little boy in a Lionel Messi soccer jersey jumping for joy, was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro.

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4th China Xizang Internet Photography&Video Festival opens for

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4th China Xizang Internet Photography&Video Festival opens for submissions

With the theme of “Tashi Delek,” the 4th China Xizang Internet Photography&Video Festival invites you to show the world the beauty of Xizang with your original works including photos, short videos, animation, online songs and micro films.

I. Selection Process

The Organizing Committee will invite professional photo editors to preview all the submitted works, and internet users can cast their votes online for the Best Popularity Award. The reviews will be conducted by the Expert Review Committee composed of the Institute of Art Anthropology of the Chinese National Academy of Arts, Beijing Film Academy, China Photographers Association, School of Journalism and Communication of Tsinghua University, Communication University of China, Pingyao International Photography Festival, contracted photographers of VU Photo Agency of France, and Xizang Photographers Association.

II. Participants

Photographers, creators, art lovers and netizens all over the world

III. Content of submissions

i. You may find your inspiration from everyday events and ordinary stories for our collected works.

ii. Students who return to Xizang during the summer break may pick up the mobile phones or cameras to record the beautiful life where man and nature live in harmony;

iii. Magnificent and spectacular Xizang represented by various wild animals and plants are welcomed for our collected works.

iv. The topic of mothers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is also an option for your work.

IV. Requirements for submitted works

  1. Submitted works must be original ones, and have not been reviewed or received an award on any platform. Keep RAW files after submission for originality checks.
  2. Please attach the title and description of the work, indicating the shooting time, location, content and subject.
  3. Pictures:

Pictures must be high-resolution;

No limitations on black-and-white or colored photos;

Pixels no less than 800W;

Formats: mainstream formats such as JPG and PNG;

Pictures should not be smaller than 2 megabytes;

Set of pictures or animated gifs are also permitted for submission and the number of pictures per group should be between 4 and 12;

Participants may make appropriate post-processing of the pictures, such as brightness, contrast, white balance and saturation;

Techniques such as recomposition to change the original content of the work are not allowed;

Complete EXIF information should be retained.

Entries without original picture information will be deemed invalid.

  1. Short videos:

Duration of video: less than 5 minutes;

Chinese and English subtitles are required for any dialogues or dubbings;

Video format: mainstream formats such as MP4 and MOV, encoded as H.264;

Video resolution: 1920*1080 or above;

Frame rate: no less than 25 frames;

The footage should be clear and stable, as well as having natural coloring and without any obvious noise or shaking. The sound and footage should be fully synchronized; Cartoons, vlogs, melodramas and other types of short videos are also permitted for submission.

  1. Animation:

Animations must be designed around the themes of festival and in forms of portrait cartoons, poster illustrations, cartoons, animation short videos, etc.

Portrait cartoons can be both paper hand-painted and computer-drawn.

The minimum paper size is A4; the computer hand-painted file format is JPG; the color mode is CMYK; the resolution is 300dpi, and the size of a single picture is no more than 20M.

All works shall be submitted electronically scanned (paper manuscripts must be provided for winning works);

Poster illustration should be presented in posters, illustrations and other forms.

A series of 1-3 works is a group; the file format is JPG; the color mode is CMYK; the minimum specification is not less than A3 size, the resolution is 300dpi, the size of a single picture is not more than 20M;

Comics require a complete story in the form of comics (no less than 12P); the file format is JPG; the color mode is CMYK, and the resolution is not less than 300dpi; Animation short video requirements include video animation, short video, etc., encoding must be H.264; frame rate is no less than 25 frames; duration is no more than 5 minutes (including the beginning and the end); the width-to-height ratio of the frame is 16:9; resolution is no less than 1920×1080; bit rate is no less than 4Mbps; format must be MP4, and Chinese subtitles shall be provided.

Production of 4K ultra HD format works is encouraged, with a resolution of 3840*2160 (16:9), bit rate of not less than 15Mbps, format MP4.

  1. Online songs: Online songs make Xizang’s voice heard through lyrics and singing.
  2. Micro films:

Video: less than 15 minutes;

Complete story with a beginning and an end is required;

Chinese and English subtitles are required for any dialogues or dubbings;

Video format: mainstream formats such as MP4 and MOV, encoded as H.264;

Video resolution: 1920*1080 or above;

Frame rate: no less than 25 frames;

The footage should be clear and stable, as well as having natural coloring and without any obvious noise or shaking. The sound and footage should be fully synchronized;

V. Ways to enter submissions

The works can be independently submitted by individuals or organizations. Pictures, short videos and micro films can be uploaded through the solicitation page of Vision China 500px Community. Creative design entries can be uploaded through the solicitation page of Visual China Love Visual Design Community; Online songs can be submitted to [email protected].

VI. Duration of the event

  1. Submission period: July 15, 2023 – December 31, 2023;
  2. Review period: January 1, 2024 – February 15, 2024;
  3. Awarding period: February 19, 2024 – February 25, 2024;
  4. Awards ceremony: March 20, 2024;
  5. Promotion period: July 12, 2023 – March 31, 2024.

VII. Awards and prizes

There are four awards for each of the five submission units, including first prize, second prize, third prize and Best Popularity Award. A separate Best Organization Award is also set up for organizational recommendations. The amount of prizes totals 709,000 yuan:

i. Pictures: 68,000 yuan

1 first prize with 12,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

2 second prizes with 10,000 yuan/piece, totaling 20,000 yuan

3 third prizes with 8,000 yuan/piece, totaling 24,000 yuan

3 best popularity awards with 4,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

ii. Short videos: 242,000 yuan

1 first prize with 40,000 yuan/piece, totaling 40,000 yuan

3 second prizes with 30,000 yuan/piece, totaling 90,000 yuan

5 third prizes with 20,000 yuan/piece, totaling 100,000 yuan

3 best popularity awards with 4,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

iii. Animation: 112,000 yuan

1 first prize with 30,000 yuan/piece, totaling 30,000 yuan

2 second prizes with 20,000 yuan/piece, totaling 40,000 yuan

3 third prizes with 10,000 yuan/piece, totaling 30,000 yuan

3 best popularity awards with 4,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

iv. Online songs: 112,000 yuan

1 first prize with 30,000 yuan/piece, totaling 30,000 yuan

2 second prizes with 20,000 yuan/piece, totaling 40,000 yuan

3 third prizes with 10,000 yuan/piece, totaling 30,000 yuan

3 best popularity awards with 4,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

v. Micro films: 172,000 yuan

1 first prize with 40,000 yuan/piece, totaling 40,000 yuan

2 second prizes with 30,000 yuan/piece, totaling 60,000 yuan

3 third prizes with 20,000 yuan/piece, totaling 60,000 yuan

3 best popularity awards with 4,000 yuan/piece, totaling 12,000 yuan

vi. Best Organization Award: 3,000 yuan

3 best organization awards, each with a medal.

VIII. Statement

  1. For the winning works, the organizer has the right to use the entries without compensation for relevant purposes in the form of reproduction, distribution, exhibition (online and offline), screening, information network dissemination, compilation, etc. The copyright of the winning works remains with the original authors.
  2. The organizer has the right to use all submitted entries for publicity and promotion for the purpose of promoting this activity or public welfare activities, and use the entries through various channels (including but not limited to the Internet, press releases or other media, offline exhibition and promotion meetings, etc., and retaining the authorship right of photographers of the entries), and the use areas are not restricted.
  3. Authors shall ensure that the works they submit do not infringe the lawful rights and interests of the third parties, including copyright, portrait rights, reputation rights, privacy rights, etc., and have independent, complete, clear and undisputed copyrights for the whole and any components of the works. All responsibilities arising from works or submission acts shall be borne by the authors themselves.
  4. The final right of interpretation for this event belongs to its organizers. Any authors taking part in the activity shall be deemed to have agreed to all the provisions of the activity.

Source: Xinhuanet

Image Attachments Links:

Link: https://iop.asianetnews.net/view-attachment?attach-id=441724

Caption: 4th China Xizang Internet Photography&Video Festival opens for submissions.


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This year’s iPhone Photography Awards prove how capable your older iPhone still is

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IPPA

A collection of winners of the iPhone Photography Awards.

iPhone Photography Awards

From Portugal to Tucson, Arizona, photography enthusiasts and iPhone or iPad owners worldwide participated in the latest rendition of the iPhone Photography Awards. The winners were announced this week and will have you reconsidering just how powerful the camera set on Apple’s devices can be.

Also: The best phones you can buy right now

The iPhone Photography Awards have been held annually since the launch of the first iPhone in 2007 and span 14 categories, including abstract, cityscape, portrait, and nature. Participants can submit any photo shot on an iPhone or iPad, as long as it’s their own, has not been previously published, and hasn’t been edited in a desktop image software. The photos can be edited on the iPhone using any iOS app.

The competition is for the title of the IPPA Photographer of the Year, with one grand prize winner receiving an iPad Air and the following top three winners each receiving an Apple Watch Series 3

Entries are now open for the 2024 selection of the iPhone Photography Awards. Would-be participants can submit their photo and entry fee until March 31, 2024. 


Highlights from the 2023 iPhone Photography Awards

Heroe

“Heroe” by Ivan Silva, in Mexico, won the Grand Prize. This image was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro.

Ivan Silva/iPhone Photography Awards

Oculus

“Oculus” by Akira Kawahata in New York City won second place in the Architecture category. The photo was shot on an iPhone 13 Pro Max.

Akira Kawahata/iPhone Photography Awards

Girl

“Girl” by Sofia Ershova, in Orange County, CA, won first place in the Children category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 13 Pro.

Sofia Ershova/iPhone Photography Awards

Wonder Wheel

“Wonder Wheel” by Scott Galloway in Columbus, Ohio, won first place in the Nature category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro Max.

Scott Galloway/iPhone Photography Awards

Taming waves

“Taming Waves” by Sasa Borozan in Croatia won second place in the Photographer of the Year category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 13 Pro. 

Sasa Borozan/iPhone Photography Awards

Islas Afortunadas

“Islas Afortunadas” by Alina Rudya in Fuerteventura, Spain, won second place in the Other category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12.

Alina Rudya/iPhone Photography Awards

Once en rosa

“Once en Rosa” by Skye Snyder in San Diego, CA, won first place in the Animals category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro Max. 

Skye Snyder/iPhone Photography Awards

Early morning farm

“Early Morning Farm” by Ton Ensing in The Netherlands won first place in the Landscape category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro. 

Ton Elsing/iPhone Photography Awards

Last night before Xmas

“Last night before Xmas” by Long Nguyen in Paris, France, won first place in the Travel category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro.

Long Nguyen/iPhone Photography Awards

Bi Mo

“Bi Mo” by Jian Wang in China won second place in the People category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 8 Plus.

Jian Wang/iPhone Photography Awards

Coronavirus Confinement

“Coronavirus Confinement” by Santiago Martinez de Septien in Spain won third place in the Lifestyle category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 11 Pro.

Santiago Martinez de Septien/iPhone Photography Awards

Life in a tube-shaped building

“Life in a tube-shaped building” by Jinsong Hu in China won first place in the Cityscape category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 12 Pro Max.

Jinsong Hu/iPhone Photography Awards

Majestic bald cypress stand

“Majestic Bald Cypress Stand” by Pamela Jones-Morton in Tallahassee, FL, won third place in the Nature category. This photo was shot on an iPhone 11 Pro.

Pamela Jones-Morton/iPhone Photography Awards



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Julia Scully, Influential Photography Editor and Memoirist, Dies at 94

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Julia Scully, who after 20 years as the editor of Modern Photography magazine wrote an acclaimed memoir about her Depression-era childhood, when her mother put her and her sister in an orphanage before moving the family into a roadhouse in a remote part of Alaska, died on July 18 at her home in Manhattan. She was 94.

Her death was confirmed by Jana Martin, a daughter of Ms. Scully’s companion, Harold Martin, a photographer.

Ms. Scully began working at photography magazines in the 1950s and was hired to be editor of Modern Photography in 1966. The magazine was as devoted to the technical side of photography as it was to its aesthetics. Ms. Scully focused on the latter, and under her tenure the magazine was instrumental in the emerging recognition of photography as art.

She started a section of the magazine called Gravure that asked renowned photographers like Irving Penn about the circumstances and artistry of their pictures, wrote a column called “Seeing Pictures,” in which she described the work of photographers she admired, and reported on exhibitions.

“Gravure and different series that we did later just kind of took up the idea of photography as an art form,” Andy Grundberg, a former picture editor at Modern Photography and later a companion of Ms. Scully’s, said in a phone interview.

He added, “Julia was friends with photographers, had been married to a photographer, and was in the swing of things at a time when galleries were being established for photography and museums were getting more interested.”

While leading the magazine, she published a series of arresting portraits by Mike Disfarmer, an obscure photographer from rural Heber Springs, Ark., who had died in 1959. Mr. Disfarmer’s customers came to his Main Street studio, with its plain backdrops, to celebrate life’s transitions — for 50 cents a shot — in black and white.

Ms. Scully was alerted to Mr. Disfarmer’s work by Peter Miller, a local newspaper editor.

She and Mr. Miller collaborated on a 1976 book, “Disfarmer: The Heber Springs Portraits, 1939-1946,” which presented 66 of his photographs. Writing in The New York Times Book Review, Peter C. Bunnell wrote that the pictures “are not nostalgic, but haunting, suggesting daguerreotypes of strangely familiar yet unknown relatives. ” He added, “Julia Scully’s sensitive text illuminates both the man and the place.”

In an essay the next year in Aperture magazine, Ms. Scully wrote that there was a “conscious intent, rather than a naïve artistry,” behind Mr. Disfarmer’s portraiture, helping him to create photographs with a “piercing clarity.”

Ms. Scully was also the project director of “The Family of Woman,” a 1979 book of pictures of women from around the world, for which she sifted through 300,000 photographs. It was a response to the photographer and curator Edward Steichen’s popular book “The Family of Man,” which spun off a successful exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1955.

Julia Silverman was born on Feb. 9, 1929, in Seattle, but it was in San Francisco that her life took a dramatic turn. Her parents, Julius and Rose (Hohenstein) Silverman, had owned several failed businesses. Walking home from school one day in 1936, Julia, 7, and her sister, Lillian, 9, stopped at their parents’ coffee shop, which wasn’t faring well. Mrs. Silverman told the girls to go home — an apartment nearby — to see if their father had returned from a doctor’s visit.

Arriving home, they saw their father’s wooden leg propped against a wall, then their father, who had died by suicide, on the kitchen floor.

“Nothing is said about how my father died, or even, in fact, that he is dead,” Ms. Scully wrote in “Outside Passage: A Memoir of an Alaskan Childhood” (1998). “He just disappeared, and I wasn’t really sure that he had ever been there in the first place.

“Did I remember him?” she continued. “Did I remember the scratchy feel of his cheek when I leaned over the front seat of a car and rubbed my face against his?”

After trying to get by for two years, Mrs. Silverman placed Julia and Lillian in an orphanage and headed on her own to Alaska’s wilderness, where she ran a summer roadhouse in remote Taylor Creek, on the southern coast. The girls traveled on a boat, alone, to reunite with their mother in 1940.

Julia, then known as Billie, became acclimated to Alaskan life, serving whiskey in the road house to gold miners at age 11; exploring the tundra and observing reindeer; and encountering a parade of rough characters, many of them miners. Julia and her sister spent winters farther north in coastal Nome, living with Mrs. Silverman and her companion. They later lived with a couple in inland Fairbanks.

Reviewing “Outside Passage” in The Times Book Review, Verlyn Klinkenborg wrote, “The props are few, the poses are natural, the mood is one of unforgiving acceptance.”

Mr. Grundberg, who is also a former photography critic for The Times, recalled that the Disfarmer book “got her more interested in writing than photography.”

“She had this story of her childhood,” he said, “and couldn’t understand how her mother had made the decision she did and ended up in Alaska.”

Julia graduated from high school in Nome, but left Alaska to enter Stanford University. She studied creative writing and earned a bachelor’s degree in English in 1951. Seeking to be a magazine writer, she tried to join Sunset, a Bay Area magazine.

But when Sunset did not hire her, “I just got on a train and went to New York,” she told Stanford magazine in 1999.

She found a job as secretary to the pictures editor at Argosy magazine, which sparked her interest in photography. She later held editorial positions at two other magazines, U.S. Camera and Camera 35, before Modern Photography hired her. While working there, she earned a master’s degree from New York University’s School of Education in 1970.

After leaving the magazine, Ms. Scully wrote a syndicated newspaper feature in which she analyzed unusual photographs, like one taken in 1899 of a 20-foot-long camera that weighed a half-ton and rested on a large platform. She described how a photographer, George Lawrence, had been hired by the Chicago and Alton Railroad to use the camera to capture a newly acquired six-car train.

The camera, with a photographic plate that measured 8-by-4½ feet, was built in 10 weeks by a crew of 15 men. “Ironically,” Ms. Scully wrote, “the picture of Lawrence’s camera is now more widely admired than the picture of the train he made with it.”

In addition to Jana Martin, she is survived by Mr. Martin; his daughter Nancy Martin; a niece, Carla Ciau; and a nephew, Mark Castro. Her marriages to Edward Scully and Marvin Newman, a photographer, ended in divorce. She was also a companion to Marvin Tannenberg.

As vivid as Ms. Scully’s memories of Alaska were, they did not change the relationship of her sister, Mamie Lillian Castro, to their past. (Her sister died in 2013.)

Ms. Ciau, Ms. Castro’s daughter, said by phone that her mother had been “delighted” to read “Outside Passage,” but that it had not helped her conjure any of her long-repressed memories of her time there with her sister and mother.

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The best light pollution filters for astrophotography 2023

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Whether you’re a seasoned astrophotographer or just getting started, one of the best light pollution filters is a great purchase to make. It will enhance your experience and help improve your images.

Roughly one hundred years ago, if you went outside at night, you could look up and spot several constellations in the sky. However, urbanization over the years has made this gadget essential. Nowadays, it is estimated that 80% of Americans can’t even see the Milky Way from where they live. 

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Photography of Zelda Part 2: My journey through Tears Of The Kingdom

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Zelda: Tears Of The Kingdom photo mode image

Hyrule in pictures (Picture: Ryan O’D)

A reader continues their photographic odyssey through Zelda: Tears Of The Kingdom and focuses on the people and monsters of Hyrule.

Everything in Hyrule is so full of character. People, enemies and even animals exude personality. You are really sucked into the world and start to care about its inhabitants. You want to solve their problems, little or large, and help rebuild their lives after so much calamity.

Being a hero shouldn’t just be about beating the bad guys but about making a better world. Link understands this and the game is much richer for it. Of course, pummelling enemies and the occasional Korok is pretty fun too! Hopefully these photos convey some of the joy my encounters across Hyrule provided.

GC: Ryan created similar Reader’s Features for Zelda: Breath Of The Wild, from 2017, and you can see part 1 here and part 2 here. The first part of the Tears Of The Kingdom feature is available here.

WARNING: I haven’t included any bosses or major secrets but if you want to stay completely spoiler free you may wish to stop reading now.

By reader Ryan O’D

The reader’s feature does not necessarily represent the views of GameCentral or Metro.

You can submit your own 500 to 600-word reader feature at any time, which if used will be published in the next appropriate weekend slot. Just contact us at [email protected] or use our Submit Stuff page and you won’t need to send an email.


MORE : Nintendo Switch sells 1 billion video games as Tears Of The Kingdom passes 18 million


MORE : Two of the rarest Legend Of Zelda games are now on Nintendo Switch


MORE : Metroid Prime 2 remaster and more Zelda out this year says rumour

Follow Metro Gaming on Twitter and email us at [email protected]

To submit Inbox letters and Reader’s Features more easily, without the need to send an email, just use our Submit Stuff page here.

For more stories like this, check our Gaming page.



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Friday’s news roundup for Beaufort County + nature photo of the day

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Good afternoon on Friday, Aug. 4.

People who know things about the weather say we have to thank the rain for lowering our temperatures slightly. I guess I’ll try to be thankful and curl up with a book instead of trying to work in my yard on these rainy afternoons.

Here’s today’s top news:

1. Two new fast casual restaurant chains — Surcheros Fresh Mex and Chicken Salad Chick — are coming to Beaufort Station, the $60 million shopping center that’s now under construction at Parris Island Gateway and Robert Smalls Parkway. Find out when they’re scheduled to open in this update from reporter Karl Puckett.

2. Beaufort County Schools’ book review committees voted this week to ban a fourth book from library shelves: “Forever for a Year” by B.T. Gottfried. Reporter Mary Dimitrov, who has been covering the fight over banning books, explains what the committees found inappropriate about this novel.

3. Nearly 30 years after a dead woman’s body was found in a drainage ditch along a Yemassee road, police identified her as Maria Telles-Gonzalez, a resident of Kissimmee, Florida. Now, investigators have released new information about their search for “Carlos” — a former close friend of Gonzalez — who could be crucial in finding out who killed her and why.

4. Southern Living magazine released a list of 13 restaurants it recommends on Hilton Head, some newer and some landmark establishments. (We’re going to try to let it slide that two of them aren’t actually on the island.) If you feel like you’re stuck in a rut when deciding where to dine out, maybe put these in a hat, draw one and let fate make your choice. I don’t think you can go wrong with any of them.

5. In his latest column, Rabbi Brad Bloom of Hilton Head shares that, when we see thousands of Israeli protesters marching in Jerusalem or Tel Aviv on the news, we may not be seeing the whole picture. There are many different kinds of Jews, secular and religious. Will this political chaos divide them more or lead to a compromise and greater unity?

Photo finish

Randy Grundleger shared this photo of a dragonfly in Sun City’s butterfly garden.

Randy Grundleger shared this artistic photo of a dragonfly in Sun City’s butterfly garden.

Randy Grundleger shared this artistic photo of a dragonfly in Sun City’s butterfly garden.

I have received some wonderful photos lately. Please keep sending them, and I’ll share one every weekday here. Email [email protected], and include your name and where you took the shot. Submitting a photo gives The Island Packet and Beaufort Gazette permission to publish it.

Be sure to check islandpacket.com for the latest news through the weekend.

Thank you for reading!

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History of Photography | American Experience | Official Site

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The Wizard of Photography |

Timeline

History of Photography

eastman-timeline.jpg

1826
Frenchman Nicéphore Niépce produces first permanent photograph of a view from nature. Uses the photosensitivity of bitumen of Judea.

1829
Frenchmen Jacques Louis Mande Daguerre and Nicephore Niepce sign partnership agreement to work on perfecting photography. 

1839
January: Englishman William Henry Fox Talbot presents to the Royal Society of London a paper on photogenic drawing, permanent camera obscura images made with photosensitive silver salts on paper.

March: American Samuel F. B. Morse, in Paris to promote his telegraph, meets with Daguerre and returns to New York to teach the process. Among his pupils is noted photographer Matthew Brady.

August: Noted French scientist Francois Arago, with Daguerre, announces the details of the first commercially practical photographic process, the daguerreotype, before a joint session of the French Academies of Science and Fine Arts. A sharp mirror-like image on a silvered copper plate, the daguerreotype exploits a photosensitive latent image that is developed with mercury. The direct positive images start a craze of popular interest.

1841
Talbot patents the calotype, a negative-positive process on paper that employs the latent image developed by gallic acid.

1850
Englishman Frederick Scott Archer coats glass plates with sticky wet collodion with silver salts.

Frenchman Louis-Desire Blanquart-Evrard makes positive photographic prints on paper coated with albumen (egg whites).

1851
From 1851-1854, ambrotypes are introduced in Europe and U.S. and are used in mid1850s. These wet collodion images are made direct positives by blackening the back of the glass plate and like daguerreotypes are carried in plastic cases. Replaced with wet collodion negatives and positive paper prints that dominate photography next 25 years.

1854 
July 12: George Eastman is born in Waterville, New York.

1860
February 27: Matthew Brady takes a photographic portrait of Abraham Lincoln in New York.

1861
In London, James Clerk Maxwell demonstrates a projected color photographic image, using three different color filters. 

Alexander Parkes produces a celluloid-like cellulose material. 

1862
April 27: George Eastman’s father, George Washington Eastman, dies.

1870
George Eastman’s sister, Katie Eastman, a polio sufferer, dies.

Henry Alvah Strong family moves into the Eastman household as short-term boarders, meet George Eastman, and begin an increasingly important relationship with him.

1871
Englishman Richard L. Maddox discloses the gelatin dry-plate process for photography. Commercial exploitation begins in 1878.

1873
John Wesley Hyatt trademarks the name “celluloid” in U.S. and Great Britain.

1875
George Eastman is a junior bookkeeper at the Rochester Savings Bank.

1877
August: American Eadweard Muybridge develops a fast shutter that aids him in making photographs of objects in motion.

George Eastman prepares to travel to Santo Domingo to speculate on land. To document his findings, he begins study of photography.

1878
Among numerous English photographers, Charles Bennett improves gelatin dry plate photography, increasing the photosensitivity of the silver-salted gelatin emulsion (hence photographs take less exposure time) . Eastman sees the report in the “British Journal of Photography.”

1880
April: George Eastman patents “a method and apparatus for coating plates for use in photography.”

April: George Eastman sets up a photographic dry-plate production shop in Rochester.

1881
January 1: Henry Strong begins to invest in the Eastman Dry Plate Company, becoming president. George Eastman is treasurer.

September 5: George Eastman resigns from his position at the Rochester Savings Bank.

Etienne-Jules Marey invents a repeating camera that can record multiple images on the same plate.

1885
May 5: George Eastman and William Walker receive patent for the Eastman-Walker Roll Holder, a device that advances film for cameras to which it is attached. Soon afterward, Eastman sends Walker to England head to his London office. 

1886
August: Eastman hires Henry M. Reichenbach, a chemist to improve the photographic emulsion and to develop a substitute for paper film.

Eastman introduces a “detective camera,” which incorporates the Eastman-Walker Roll Holder.

1887
The Reverend Hannibal Goodwin, a minister at the House of Prayer in Newark, New Jersey, invents a method for making transparent, flexible film and applies for a patent.

December: The Eastman company starts use of the Kodak trademark.

1888
Eastman introduces the “roll holder breast camera,” known generally as the Kodak camera, which is easier to use and mass-produce than its earlier detective camera. Its retail cost is $25.

1889
On a trip to Europe, George Eastman meets George and Josephine Dickman. 

August 27: Eastman introduces a transparent, flexible film, which uses celluloid as a basic material, to the public.

September: The Reverend Hannibal Goodwin files an interference against Eastman for the use of transparent, flexible film.

December 10: Henry M. Reichenbach, working under the employ of George Eastman, patents a method of making transparent, flexible film.

Thomas Edison orders specially designed rolls of the new transparent, flexible film from the Eastman company for use in his development of a motion-picture camera.

1890
Eastman breaks ground for first buildings at Kodak Park in Rochester, New York.

1892
January 1: George Eastman fires his chemist, Henry Reichenbach, when his plan to start his own company is discovered.

1893
January: Eastman fires William Walker as his London manager and replaces him with George Dickman.

Eastman hires William Stuber. He soon becomes head of the Emulsions Department. 

1895
November 8: Wilhelm Roentgen of Germany invents the x-ray photograph.

Lumière brothers of France exhibit cinema projector. 

Between 1895 and 1898, Eastman purchases three companies that hold important roll-film system patents.

1898
November 15: George Dickman dies in London. Thereafter, George Eastman becomes a lifelong companion of Dickman’s widow, Josephine.

1900
The Brownie camera, designed for Eastman by Frank Brownell, is introduced at a retail price of one dollar.

December 31: The Rev. Hannibal Goodwin dies as the result of injuries suffered in a street-car incident. 

1906
A photographic method that allows images to be reduced or enlarged, known as the photostat, is introduced.

1907
June 16: Maria Eastman, George Eastman’s mother, dies in Rochester, New York, at the age of 85.

In France, Auguste and Louis Lumiere introduce the Autochrome, the first color photography system that can be used by amateurs.

1912
Siegrist and Fisher develop the first subtractive color photography process, which will become the basis for Kodachrome.

March 6: George Eastman formally commits to donating two and one half million dollars to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, on the condition that he remain anonymous. He is dubbed “Mr. Smith.”

George Eastman prepares to travel to Santo Domingo to speculate on land. To document his findings, he begins study of photography.

1914
March 10: An appellate court upholds a ruling against the Eastman Kodak Company for infringing Hannibal Goodwin’s patent on transparent, flexible film and orders the company to pay five million dollars in cash to the Ansco Company, which then owned the Goodwin patent.

1920 
January 10: Mr. Smith, the anonymous donor to MIT, is revealed at an annual alumni dinner to be George Eastman.

1922
September 4: The Eastman Theater is opened in Rochester, New York.

1924
May 20: AT&T sends photographs by wire in an important step toward the invention of television.

1925
George Eastman retires from Eastman Kodak and names William Stuber to succeed him as president.

October 25: John Logie Baird, a Scotsman living in England, transmits the first photographic image with a full range of half-tones without the use of wires.

1926
George Eastman goes to Kenya on a six-month safari, during which he films a wild rhinoceros charging him on Cine-Kodak film.

1930
Reliable photoflash light bulbs become available to photographers. 

1931
Harold Edgerton develops the stroboscope, a precisely timed flash that allows photographers to capture motions of infinitesimally short duration.

1932
March 14: George Eastman takes his own life with an automatic pistol at his home in Rochester, New York.

1935
Eastman Kodak introduces the Kodachrome process of color photography, invented by Kodak employees Leopold Damrosch Mannes and Leopold Godowsky.

1937
Chester Carlson invents “electron photography,” which later comes to be known as xerography, or simply photocopying.

1946
Zoomar introduces the zoom lens, the invention of American Frank Back.

1947
Edwin H. Land announces his invention of the Polaroid camera, which can develop images inside the camera in approximately one minute.

1963
Kodak introduces the Instamatic line, the first point-and-shoot cameras.

1986
Fuji introduces the Quicksnap, a disposable camera that revisits the original Kodak principle: the user sends the camera into the manufacturer, which then develops the film.

1992
Kodak introduces the Photo CD, the first method of storing digital images to become available to the general public.

February: JPEG, a compression standard for storing and sending photographic images over the Internet, is described in a paper published in “IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.”

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The Enticing Mysteries of U.F.O. Photography

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In the corner of the social-media universe that calls itself #ufotwitter, there’s always some new piece of visual evidence to discuss. Did a police body cam catch an otherworldly craft crash-landing in Vegas this week? And that kid nearby who called 911 to report an eight-foot-tall alien in his back yard—is he for real? What about this video of a saucer losing its tractor-beam grip on a cow and sending it winging over the treetops? Is this connected to the recent spate of cattle mutilations? What do you make of this blurry splotch? Does this light look weird?

Of course, it’s hard to believe anything we see nowadays, and forecasts of an A.I.-fuelled disinformation apocalypse suggest that’s only going to get worse. But, in the world of U.F.O. hunters, the lack of high-quality photographic proof has always been a vexing problem. “Considering the notorious camera-mindedness of Americans,” Carl Jung wrote presciently in his 1958 book “Flying Saucers,” “it is surprising how few ‘authentic’ photographs of UFOs seem to exist, especially as many of them are said to have been observed for several hours at relatively close quarters.” Now with high-definition photographic tools held perpetually in the palms of billions of people across the globe, this problem should give us even more pause. Does this relative shortage of visuals amount to evidence that the U.F.O. phenomenon is pure bunkum, as many skeptics would have us believe? Or is it, as Jung himself famously supposed, because “UFOs are somehow not photogenic”? Or perhaps the truth is already out there, squirrelled away in some Pentagon vault or floating around the Internet, camouflaged amid the dross?

In any case, laughing off U.F.O.s with cracks about tinfoil hats or “little green men” is not as easy as it used to be. In recent years, there has been a welter of developments in the U.F.O. world that has brought the subject out of the realm of science fiction and supermarket tabloids, and into the halls of Congress and the pages of newspapers of record. In 2017, a watershed piece in the New York Times by Helene Cooper, Ralph Blumenthal, and Leslie Kean exposed a secret Pentagon program created to investigate U.F.O.s, and included a pair of flight recordings taken by naval F/A-18F Super Hornets, showing spectral craft performing seemingly impossible maneuvers. (These videos have been the subject of muscular debunking efforts, most prominently by the professional skeptic and ufology bête noire Mick West. Recently, a pair of researchers put forward a detailed thirty-page analysis that attempts to debunk his debunkings.) The piece piqued the interest of both lawmakers and defense officials, who began to take the U.F.O. issue more seriously, creating an investigative body tasked with looking into “unidentified space, airborne, submerged and transmedium objects.”

The most remarkable—or, depending on your perspective, the most unbelievable—recent development came in June, when Kean and Blumenthal released a report in the Debrief, an online news site. It centered on the claims of David Grusch, a former high-level intelligence official who purports to have both knowledge and evidence of U.S.-government U.F.O.-crash-retrieval programs. Last week, in testimony before the House Oversight Committee’s national-security subcommittee, Grusch alleged that the government, in cahoots with unnamed private contractors, has acquired craft of “nonhuman origin” that it has been attempting to reverse engineer for “decades,” and nonhuman “biologics,” a.k.a. the remains of dead aliens. But Grusch has publicly provided no evidence, visual or otherwise, to back up his claims, and he has admitted that all his knowledge of secret U.F.O. programs has come to him secondhand. The problem, as always, is the gap between what we’re told exists and what we can actually see.

So what kind of visual record does the U.F.O. community point to? I made some calls recently, and I got an earful. I was told that the U.S. has a secret space program. I was told about the C.E.O. of an unnamed corporation who saw a gigantic, shape-shifting, probably interdimensional craft fly over Washington, D.C., and then wink miraculously out of existence. I was told about deep underground bases, where U.F.O. reverse-engineering projects have long been operating. I was told that aliens are already walking among us. I was notably not told much about what I was looking for, namely, photographs of the phenomenon that had a stamp of legitimacy. I was assured that such photos exist—in 4K resolution, no less—but that they remain hidden behind a scrim of secrecy. No one seemed to know when the photos might be released. I got the sinking feeling that the answer will always be “soon.”

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Mayo photographer to feature in the Reach for the Stars astrophotography exhibition

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A portion of ‘Wild Atlantic Milky Way’ by Mayo’s Shane Lavelle, which features in the 2023 Reach for the Stars astrophotography outdoor exhibition. (See full image below.) Photo: Shane Lavelle

A Mayo man’s photograph has been selected to feature in the 2023 Reach for the Stars astrophotography outdoor exhibition, run by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS).

The photo – entitled ‘Wild Atlantic Mily Way’ – was captured by Shane Lavelle from Castlebar, and image depicts the Milky Way galaxy rising over the Wild Atlantic Way on Achill Island.

The unique patterns in the water made by the waves flowing through the rocks below the clear skies of Mayo’s coast add dimension and contrast to this image.

Shane’s image will be showcased as part of an outdoor exhibition at DIAS’s premises at 10 Burlington Road, Dublin, from tomorrow (Wednesday). The 14 top-rated images from the competition will be displayed alongside Shane’s. The exhibition is free to attend.

Sara Harvey from Bishopstown, Co. Cork, claimed first prize in the Out of this World category. This category called for images depicting scenes or elements of astronomical interest, such as deep space images or images of the solar system. The winning image – ‘M51 – A Galactic Dance’ – captures the whirlpool galaxy, located 31 million light years from Earth. The galaxy has a face-on appearance as seen from Earth, showing its distinct spiral structure and galactic core.

‘Ghost Ship’ took first prize in the Back on Earth category. The winning image depicts the Port Láirge shipwreck as it lies beached in Bannow Bay near Saltmills in Co. Wexford. The rusting ship was once a steam dredger with the Waterford Harbour Commission from around 1907 up to the 1980s. Adrian Hendroff from Stepaside captured the Milky Way above the ship and, as the icing on the cake, a faint glow of the Northern Lights is visible in the background.

Runners-up in the Out of this World category were Enda Kelly from Wicklow town for his image ‘When the planets align. Lunar occultation of Mars’ and David Mackie from Athenry, Co. Galway, for his image ‘The Spaghetti Nebula’.

The two runners-up in the Back on Earth category were Patryk Sadowski from Derry city for his image ‘Manannán mac Lir & Aurora’ and Keith Levins from Blackrock, Cork city, for his submission ‘The Almighty Arch’.

The winners were selected by a judging panel following a meticulous process examining over 70 entries. In addition to Prof. Peter Gallagher, the judging panel included Brenda Fitzsimons, picture editor with The Irish Times; Michael McCreary, president, Irish Astronomical Society; and Niamh Breathnach, director, Alice Public Relations.

Commenting on the success of the competition, Dr. Eucharia Meehan, CEO and registrar of DIAS, said: “I would like to extend my congratulations to the winners of the competition on their breathtaking entries. Viewing the online gallery of this year’s entries, it’s clear the passion for astro-photography has been elevated to a new level.

“Photos of our night sky are a powerful tool to engage the general public in science and astronomy. Interconnecting science, history, and heritage, some of the images show the still pristine night sky above cultural heritage sites across Ireland while others incorporate detailed depictions of galaxies and nebulae far away.

“At DIAS, the area of space research is ever expanding with initiatives such as the Astronomical Observatories of Ireland being launched in May. This historic partnership will see DIAS – Dunsink Observatory partnering with Armagh Observatory and Planetarium and Birr Castle Demesne to develop a shared approach to science, research and heritage across the three sites. It’s important that we continue to protect the sanctity of our dark skies so that future generations are able to enjoy the abject beauty of the cosmos.

“I’d like to thank all of those who entered for sharing their passion and creativity with us. I hope that the night sky continues to be a source of inspiration, creativity and wisdom going forward.”

The winning images along with a selection of the judges’ top-rated images in the Reach for the Stars competition will be available to view as part of an outdoor exhibition from tomorrow (Wednesday). The exhibition will hang at the railings of DIAS’s premises at 10 Burlington Road, Dublin, and is free to attend. The winning images are all available to view now online on www.reachforthestars.ie.

DIAS’s ‘Reach for the Stars’ competition is being run in partnership with The Irish Times and is sponsored by Alice Public Relations. The Irish Astronomical Society are initiative supporters.


Shane Lavelle’s ‘Wild Atlantic Milky Way’ in all its glory. Photo: Shane Lavelle



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